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DBMS > 4D vs. AllegroGraph vs. CockroachDB vs. Derby vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. AllegroGraph vs. CockroachDB vs. Derby vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAllegroGraph  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemHigh performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMSCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infowith version 6.5
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#187  Overall
#30  Document stores
#17  Graph DBMS
#7  RDF stores
#7  Vector DBMS
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score4.71
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comallegrograph.comwww.cockroachlabs.comdb.apache.org/­derbygithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comfranz.com/­agraph/­support/­documentation/­current/­agraph-introduction.htmlwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.html
Developer4D, IncFranz Inc.Cockroach LabsApache Software Foundation8Kdata
Initial release19842004201519972016
Current releasev20, April 20238.0, December 202323.1.1, May 202310.17.1.0, November 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJavaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyes infoRDF schemasdynamic schemayesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno infobulk load of XML files possiblenoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SPARQL is used as query languageyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
JDBCJDBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoJavaScript or Common LispnoJava Stored Procedures
Triggersyesyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonewith Federationhorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication using RAFTSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAllegroGraphCockroachDBDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBToroDB
Specific characteristicsKnowledge Graph Platform Leader FedShard - Designed for Entity-Event Knowledge Graph...
» more
Competitive advantagesAllegroGraph is uniquely suited to support adhoc queries through SPARQL, Prolog and...
» more
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