DBMS > 4D vs. AllegroGraph vs. CockroachDB vs. Cubrid vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. AllegroGraph vs. CockroachDB vs. Cubrid vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

High performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMS

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

CUBRID is an open-source SQL-based relational database management system with object extensions for OLTP

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

with version 6.5
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.06
Rank	#187	Overall
	#30	Document stores
	#17	Graph DBMS
	#7	RDF stores
	#7	Vector DBMS

Score	6.15
Rank	#55	Overall
	#33	Relational DBMS

Score	1.20
Rank	#169	Overall
	#78	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

allegrograph.com

www.cockroachlabs.com

cubrid.com (korean)
cubrid.org (english)

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

franz.com/agraph/support/documentation/current/agraph-introduction.html

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

cubrid.org/manuals

Developer

4D, Inc

Franz Inc.

Cockroach Labs

CUBRID Corporation, CUBRID Foundation

8Kdata

Initial release

1984

2004

2015

2008

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

8.0, December 2023

24.1.0, May 2024

11.0, January 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Limited community edition free

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C, C++, Java

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux
Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

RDF schemas

dynamic schema

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

bulk load of XML files possible

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SPARQL is used as query language

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL

JDBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

JavaScript or Common Lisp

Java Stored Procedures

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

with Federation

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication using RAFT

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Knowledge Graph Platform Leader FedShard - Designed for Entity-Event Knowledge Graph...
» more

Competitive advantages

AllegroGraph is uniquely suited to support adhoc queries through SPARQL, Prolog and...
» more

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