DBMS > 4D vs. Alibaba Cloud Table Store vs. Apache Impala vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Alibaba Cloud Table Store vs. Apache Impala vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A fully managed Wide Column Store for large quantities of semi-structured data with real-time access

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.31
Rank	#297	Overall
	#11	Wide column stores

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	1.80
Rank	#138	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.alibabacloud.com/product/table-store

impala.apache.org

www.tigergraph.com

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/tablestore

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

docs.tigergraph.com

Developer

4D, Inc

Alibaba

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

8Kdata

Initial release

1984

2016

2013

2017

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

4.1.0, June 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java
Python

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

selectable replication factor

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic single-row operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights based on subaccounts and tokens

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Role-based access control

Access rights for users and roles

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