DBMS > 4D vs. Alibaba Cloud MaxCompute vs. Hive vs. VelocityDB vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Alibaba Cloud MaxCompute vs. Hive vs. VelocityDB vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

MaxCompute (previously known as ODPS) is a general purpose, fully managed, multi-tenancy data processing platform for large-scale data warehousing

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

A .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

a graph-processing framework is available with the graphs being stored in tables

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.77
Rank	#214	Overall
	#98	Relational DBMS

Score	61.17
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	0.05
Rank	#358	Overall
	#36	Graph DBMS
	#16	Object oriented DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

www.4d.com

www.alibabacloud.com/product/maxcompute

hive.apache.org

velocitydb.com

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/maxcompute

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

velocitydb.com/UserGuide

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

Alibaba

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

VelocityDB Inc

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

1984

2016

2012

2011

2019

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.1.3, April 2022

7.x

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Clojure

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Any that supports .NET

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Fluentd
Flume
MaxCompute Console

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

.Net

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java

C++
Java
PHP
Python

.Net

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

in Java

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Triggers

yes

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

selectable replication factor

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users and roles

Access rights for users, groups and roles

Based on Windows Authentication

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