DBMS > 4D vs. AlaSQL vs. HugeGraph vs. Machbase Neo vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. AlaSQL vs. HugeGraph vs. Machbase Neo vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

JavaScript DBMS library

A fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMS

TimeSeries DBMS for AIoT and BigData

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.46
Rank	#260	Overall
	#40	Document stores
	#121	Relational DBMS

Score	0.13
Rank	#336	Overall
	#32	Graph DBMS

Score	0.12
Rank	#339	Overall
	#30	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.02
Rank	#123	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Website

www.4d.com

alasql.org

github.com/hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org

machbase.com

www.stardog.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

github.com/AlaSQL/alasql

hugegraph.apache.org/docs

machbase.com/dbms

docs.stardog.com

Developer

4D, Inc

Andrey Gershun & Mathias R. Wulff

Baidu

Machbase

Stardog-Union

Initial release

1984

2014

2018

2013

2010

Current release

v20, April 2023

0.9

V8.0, August 2023

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

MIT-License

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

free test version available

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

JavaScript

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux
macOS
Unix

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

also supports composite index and range index

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

Close to SQL99, but no user access control, stored procedures and host language bindings.

SQL-like query language

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JavaScript API

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin

gRPC
HTTP REST
JDBC
MQTT (Message Queue Telemetry Transport)
ODBC

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

JavaScript

Groovy
Java
Python

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP

via ODBC
Python
R

via ODBC
Scala

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

asynchronous Gremlin script jobs

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

via hugegraph-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

edges in graph

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

only for local storage and DOM-storage

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by using IndexedDB, SQL.JS or proprietary FileStorage

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

volatile and lookup table

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Users, roles and permissions

simple password-based access control

Access rights for users and roles

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