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DBMS > 4D vs. AlaSQL vs. GraphDB vs. Stardog vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. AlaSQL vs. GraphDB vs. Stardog vs. Trino

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAlaSQL  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTrino  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemJavaScript DBMS libraryEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationFast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Relational DBMS
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.46
Rank#260  Overall
#40  Document stores
#121  Relational DBMS
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score5.00
Rank#66  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comalasql.orgwww.ontotext.comwww.stardog.comtrino.io
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgithub.com/­AlaSQL/­alasqlgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.stardog.comtrino.io/­broadcast
trino.io/­docs/­current
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMediumLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHub
Developer4D, IncAndrey Gershun & Mathias R. WulffOntotextStardog-UnionTrino Software Foundation
Initial release19842014200020102012 info2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL
Current releasev20, April 202310.4, October 20237.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT-Licensecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.
Implementation languageJavaScriptJavaJavaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
macOS infofor devlopment
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesnoyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialdepending on connected data-source
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92Close to SQL99, but no user access control, stored procedures and host language bindings.stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JavaScript APIGeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
JavaScript.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnowell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javayes, depending on connected data-source
Triggersyesyesnoyes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenonenonedepending on connected data-source
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication in HA-Clusterdepending on connected data-source
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate Consistency in HA-Clusterdepending on connected data-source
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes infoConstraint checkingyes inforelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyes infoonly for local storage and DOM-storageACIDACIDdepending on connected data-source
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoby using IndexedDB, SQL.JS or proprietary FileStorageyesyesdepending on connected data-source
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.Access rights for users and rolesSQL standard access control
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAlaSQLGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMStardogTrino
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
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Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more
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