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DBMS > 4D vs. Adabas vs. Lovefield vs. QuestDB vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Adabas vs. Lovefield vs. QuestDB vs. SurrealDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSMultivalue DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.79
Rank#102  Overall
#2  Multivalue DBMS
Score0.33
Rank#286  Overall
#131  Relational DBMS
Score2.70
Rank#105  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
Score1.02
Rank#190  Overall
#33  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldquestdb.iosurrealdb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdquestdb.io/­docssurrealdb.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncSoftware AGGoogleQuestDB Technology IncSurrealDB Ltd
Initial release19841971201420142022
Current releasev20, April 20232.1.12, February 2017v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaScriptJava (Zero-GC), C++, RustRust
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL GatewaySQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternSQL with time-series extensionsSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
NaturalJavaScriptC infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin Naturalnono
TriggersyesnoUsing read-only observersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas Vistanonehorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, with add-on product Event ReplicatornoneSource-replica replication with eventual consistency
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID for single-table writesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infousing MemoryDByes infothrough memory mapped files
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)noyes, based on authentication and database rules
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"LovefieldQuestDBSurrealDB
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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