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DBMS > 4D vs. Adabas vs. ITTIA vs. Lovefield vs. Pinecone

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Adabas vs. ITTIA vs. Lovefield vs. Pinecone

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonITTIA  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonPinecone  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformEdge Time Series DBMS with Real-Time Stream ProcessingEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptA managed, cloud-native vector database
Primary database modelRelational DBMSMultivalue DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSVector DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.79
Rank#102  Overall
#2  Multivalue DBMS
Score0.44
Rank#267  Overall
#23  Time Series DBMS
Score0.33
Rank#286  Overall
#131  Relational DBMS
Score3.23
Rank#92  Overall
#2  Vector DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlwww.ittia.comgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldwww.pinecone.io
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mddocs.pinecone.io/­docs/­overview
Developer4D, IncSoftware AGITTIA L.L.C.GooglePinecone Systems, Inc
Initial release19841971200720142019
Current releasev20, April 20238.72.1.12, February 2017
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++JavaScript
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
Linux
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safarihosted
Data schemeyesyesFixed schemayes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesFloat/Blob/Integer/String/Unicode/Date/Time/Timestamp/IntervalyesString, Number, Boolean
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL GatewayyesSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
NaturalC
C++
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScriptPython
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin Naturalyesno
TriggersyesnonoUsing read-only observers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas Vistanone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, with add-on product Event Replicatoryesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDyesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes infousing MemoryDBno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)Database file passwordsno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"ITTIALovefieldPinecone
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