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DBMS > 4D vs. Adabas vs. EsgynDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Ingres

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Adabas vs. EsgynDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Ingres

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonEsgynDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformEnterprise-class SQL-on-Hadoop solution, powered by Apache TrafodionAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformWell established RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSMultivalue DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.79
Rank#102  Overall
#2  Multivalue DBMS
Score0.25
Rank#312  Overall
#138  Relational DBMS
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlwww.esgyn.cncloud.google.com/­datastorewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingres
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsdocs.actian.com/­ingres
Developer4D, IncSoftware AGEsgynGoogleActian Corporation
Initial release19841971201520081974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s
Current releasev20, April 202311.2, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++, JavaC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
LinuxhostedAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes, details hereyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL GatewayyesSQL-like query language (GQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
NaturalAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin NaturalJava Stored Proceduresusing Google App Engineyes
TriggersyesnonoCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas VistaShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, with add-on product Event ReplicatorMulti-source replication between multi datacentersMulti-source replication using PaxosIngres Replicator
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoMVCC
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonononono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"EsgynDBGoogle Cloud DatastoreIngres
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