DBMS > 4D vs. Adabas vs. Dgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Adabas vs. Dgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

OLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments

used typically together with the Natural programming platform

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.68
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	3.58
Rank	#91	Overall
	#1	Multivalue DBMS

Score	1.48
Rank	#158	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	22.71
Rank	#30	Overall
	#18	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.softwareag.com/en_corporate/platform/adabas-natural.html

dgraph.io

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

dgraph.io/docs

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

Developer

4D, Inc

Software AG

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Microsoft

Initial release

1984

1971

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

BS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

with add-on product Adabas SQL Gateway

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

HTTP API

with add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API

with add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Natural

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
Java
PHP

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

in Natural

Transact SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas Vista

yes

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes, with add-on product Event Replicator

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

only with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)

Planned for future releases

yes

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

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2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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