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DBMS > 4D vs. Adabas vs. Datomic vs. Lovefield vs. MaxDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Adabas vs. Datomic vs. Lovefield vs. MaxDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptA robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutions
Primary database modelRelational DBMSMultivalue DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.17
Rank#94  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score2.32
Rank#112  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlwww.datomic.comgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldmaxdb.sap.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.datomic.comgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdmaxdb.sap.com/­documentation
Developer4D, IncSoftware AGCognitectGoogleSAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997
Initial release19841971201220141984
Current releasev20, April 20231.0.6735, June 20232.1.12, February 20177.9.10.12, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, ClojureJavaScriptC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
All OS with a Java VMserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL GatewaynoSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
NaturalClojure
Java
JavaScript.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin Naturalyes infoTransaction Functionsnoyes
TriggersyesnoBy using transaction functionsUsing read-only observersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas Vistanone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, with add-on product Event Replicatornone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyes infousing MemoryDBno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)nonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"DatomicLovefieldMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D
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