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DBMS > 4D vs. Adabas vs. Datomic vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Kdb

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Adabas vs. Datomic vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Kdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonKdb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformHigh performance Time Series DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSMultivalue DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeTime Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.79
Rank#102  Overall
#2  Multivalue DBMS
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score7.71
Rank#49  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlwww.datomic.comcloud.google.com/­datastorekx.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.datomic.comcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docscode.kx.com
Developer4D, IncSoftware AGCognitectGoogleKx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plc
Initial release19841971201220082000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 2003
Current releasev20, April 20231.0.6735, June 20233.6, May 2018
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial infolimited edition freecommercialcommercial infofree 32-bit version
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava, Clojureq
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
All OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes, details hereyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes infotable attribute 'grouped'
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL GatewaynoSQL-like query language (GQL)SQL-like query language (q)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
RESTful HTTP APIgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
NaturalClojure
Java
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin Naturalyes infoTransaction Functionsusing Google App Engineuser defined functions
TriggersyesnoBy using transaction functionsCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyes infowith views
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas Vistanone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardinghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, with add-on product Event Replicatornone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersMulti-source replication using PaxosSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno infosimilar paradigm used for internal processing
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactionsno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)noAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)rights management via user accounts
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"DatomicGoogle Cloud DatastoreKdb
Specific characteristicsIntegrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
» more
Competitive advantagesprovides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
» more
Typical application scenariostick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
» more
Key customersGoldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
» more
Market metricskdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsupon request
» more

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"DatomicGoogle Cloud DatastoreKdb
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