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DBMS > 4D vs. Adabas vs. Apache IoTDB vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Adabas vs. Apache IoTDB vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. SpaceTime

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Firestore  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkCloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSMultivalue DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument storeSpatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.17
Rank#94  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score7.85
Rank#51  Overall
#8  Document stores
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmliotdb.apache.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­firestorewww.mireo.com/­spacetime
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlfirebase.google.com/­docs/­firestore
Developer4D, IncSoftware AGApache Software FoundationGoogleMireo
Initial release19841971201820172020
Current releasev20, April 20231.1.0, April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)hostedLinux
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL GatewaySQL-like query languagenoA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
JDBC
Native API
Android
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
NaturalC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python
C#
C++
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin Naturalyesyes, Firebase Rules & Cloud Functionsno
Triggersyesnoyesyes, with Cloud Functionsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas Vistahorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)ShardingFixed-grid hypercubes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, with add-on product Event Replicatorselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasMulti-source replicationReal-time block device replication (DRBD)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoIntegration with Hadoop and SparkUsing Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoyesno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)yesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.yes

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"Apache IoTDBGoogle Cloud FirestoreSpaceTime
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