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DBMS > 4D vs. Adabas vs. Amazon Neptune vs. Datomic vs. Lovefield

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Adabas vs. Amazon Neptune vs. Datomic vs. Lovefield

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript
Primary database modelRelational DBMSMultivalue DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.17
Rank#94  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.datomic.comgoogle.github.io/­lovefield
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.datomic.comgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.md
Developer4D, IncSoftware AGAmazonCognitectGoogle
Initial release19841971201720122014
Current releasev20, April 20231.0.6735, June 20232.1.12, February 2017
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, ClojureJavaScript
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
hostedAll OS with a Java VMserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL GatewaynonoSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder pattern
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
NaturalC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin Naturalnoyes infoTransaction Functionsno
TriggersyesnonoBy using transaction functionsUsing read-only observers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas Vistanonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, with add-on product Event ReplicatorMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith encyption-at-restyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyes infousing MemoryDB
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)nono

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"Amazon NeptuneDatomicLovefield
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