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DBMS > Firebase Realtime Database vs. GraphDB vs. HarperDB vs. RDF4J vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Firebase Realtime Database vs. GraphDB vs. HarperDB vs. RDF4J vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonHarperDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelDocument storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document storeRDF storeDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score0.55
Rank#248  Overall
#38  Document stores
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitefirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.ontotext.comwww.harperdb.iordf4j.orggithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasegraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.harperdb.io/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentation
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014OntotextHarperDBSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.8Kdata
Initial release20122000201720042016
Current release10.4, October 20233.1, August 2021
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercial infofree community edition availableOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaNode.jsJavaJava
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesdynamic schemayes infoRDF Schemasschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON data typesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnostored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCSQL-like data manipulation statementsno
APIs and other access methodsAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesJava
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored procedureslimited functionality with using 'rules'well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityCustom Functions infosince release 3.1yes
TriggersCallbacks are triggered when data changesnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneA table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a clusternoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes infothe nodes on which a table resides can be definednoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoConstraint checkingnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesACIDAtomic execution of specific operationsACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, using LMDByes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes
User concepts infoAccess controlyes, based on authentication and database rulesDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.Access rights for users and rolesnoAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
Firebase Realtime DatabaseGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMHarperDBRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameToroDB
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
Firebase Realtime DatabaseGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMHarperDBRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameToroDB
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