DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. IBM Cloudant vs. LokiJS

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. IBM Cloudant vs. LokiJS

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene

Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric

Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.

Hawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.

Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDB

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	128.79
Rank	#8	Overall
	#1	Search engines

Score	13.60
Rank	#39	Overall
	#6	Document stores

Score	0.01
Rank	#377	Overall
	#39	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.85
Rank	#95	Overall
	#18	Document stores

Score	0.44
Rank	#256	Overall
	#40	Document stores

Website

www.elastic.co/elasticsearch

firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database

www.hawkular.org

www.ibm.com/products/cloudant

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

Technical documentation

www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html

firebase.google.com/docs/database

www.hawkular.org/hawkular-metrics/docs/user-guide

cloud.ibm.com/docs/Cloudant

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

Developer

Elastic

Google

acquired by Google 2014

Community supported by Red Hat

IBM, Apache Software Foundation

IBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014

Initial release

2010

2012

2014

2010

2014

Current release

8.6, January 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Elastic License

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Erlang

JavaScript

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Data scheme

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

via views

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

HTTP REST

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JavaScript API

Supported programming languages

.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java
JavaScript
Objective-C

Go
Java
Python
Ruby

C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby

JavaScript

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

limited functionality with using 'rules'

View functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScript

View functions in JavaScript

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

yes

via Hawkular Alerting

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

based on Cassandra

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

ES-Hadoop Connector

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Eventual Consistency

if the client is offline
Immediate Consistency

if the client is online

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Eventual Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

atomic operations within a document possible

atomic operations within a single collection possible

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic locking

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Memcached and Redis integration

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes, based on authentication and database rules

Access rights for users can be defined per database

More information provided by the system vendor

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2017
2 January 2018, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

Elasticsearch moved into the top 10 most popular database management systems
3 July 2017, Matthias Gelbmann

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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Cloud-based DBMS's popularity grows at high rates
12 December 2019, Paul Andlinger

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New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
1 December 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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