DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. Dgraph vs. VelocityDB vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. Dgraph vs. VelocityDB vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena framework

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

A .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

RDF store

Graph DBMS

Graph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.75
Rank	#84	Overall
	#3	RDF stores

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.05
Rank	#358	Overall
	#36	Graph DBMS
	#16	Object oriented DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

dgraph.io

velocitydb.com

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

dgraph.io/docs

velocitydb.com/UserGuide

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

originally developed by HP Labs

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

VelocityDB Inc

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2000

2016

2011

2019

Current release

4.9.0, July 2023

7.x

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache License, Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Clojure

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

Any that supports .NET

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

Fuseki

REST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO

RDF Input/Output

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

.Net

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

Java

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

via event handler

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

TDB Transactions

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access control via Jena Security

Planned for future releases

Based on Windows Authentication

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