DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Realm

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.

Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDB

A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data

Primary database model

Time Series DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.19
Rank	#176	Overall
	#15	Time Series DBMS

Score	15.00
Rank	#39	Overall
	#6	Document stores

Score	2.73
Rank	#108	Overall
	#20	Document stores

Score	7.71
Rank	#52	Overall
	#9	Document stores

Website

iotdb.apache.org

firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database

www.ibm.com/products/cloudant

realm.io

Technical documentation

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

firebase.google.com/docs/database

cloud.ibm.com/docs/Cloudant

realm.io/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Google

acquired by Google 2014

IBM, Apache Software Foundation

IBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014

Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019

Initial release

2018

2012

2010

2014

Current release

1.1.0, April 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Erlang

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

hosted

Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
Native API

Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

Java
JavaScript
Objective-C

C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby

.Net
Java

with Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

limited functionality with using 'rules'

View functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScript

runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary

Triggers

yes

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

yes

Change Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Eventual Consistency

if the client is offline
Immediate Consistency

if the client is online

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

atomic operations within a document possible

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic locking

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-Memory realm

User concepts

Access control

yes

yes, based on authentication and database rules

Access rights for users can be defined per database

yes

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