DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Dgraph vs. Realm vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Dgraph vs. Realm vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Time Series DBMS

Graph DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.18
Rank	#173	Overall
	#15	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	7.60
Rank	#52	Overall
	#9	Document stores

Website

iotdb.apache.org

dgraph.io

realm.io

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

dgraph.io/docs

realm.io/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019

8Kdata

Initial release

2018

2016

2014

2016

Current release

1.1.0, April 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

Linux
OS X
Windows

Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
Native API

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
Java

with Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary

Triggers

yes

Change Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

yes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

Synchronous replication via Raft

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-Memory realm

User concepts

Access control

yes

Planned for future releases

yes

Access rights for users and roles

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