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DBMS > etcd vs. PostgreSQL vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. PostgreSQL vs. TiDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Nameetcd  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed reliable key-value storeWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score9.26
Rank#51  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score612.82
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score3.53
Rank#105  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Websiteetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
www.postgresql.orgpingcap.com
Technical documentationetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
www.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
DeveloperPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerPingCAP, Inc.
Initial release1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2016
Current release3.4, August 201915.3, May 20237.0.0, March 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
  • Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed and hosted PostgreSQL® with 70+ extensions and orchestration tooling included.
  • ScaleGrid for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL DBaaS hosting On-Premises and on clouds such as AWS, Azure, GCP and DigitalOcean with no vendor lock-in. Leverage any extension and get SSH access.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageGoCGo, Rust
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC
JSON over HTTP
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyes, watching key changesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
etcdPostgreSQLTiDB
Specific characteristicsTiDB is an open-source NewSQL database built by PingCAP. TiDB supports Hybrid Transactional...
» more
Competitive advantagesIn the current database landscape, infrastructure engineers often have to use one...
» more
Typical application scenariosTiDB is designed to support both OLTP and OLAP scenarios. You can use TiDB , the...
» more
Key customersShopee (E-commerce) BookMyShow.com (E-commerce) Yiguo.com (E-commerce) JD Cloud &...
» more
Market metrics25K+ GitHub Stars for TiDB, and 8K+ GitHub Stars for TiKV 1.6K+ members in TiDB Community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen Source Apache 2.0 with either commercial licensing or fully-hosted DB-as-a-service...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
etcdPostgreSQLTiDB
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