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DBMS > PostgreSQL vs. Stardog vs. TigerGraph vs. TinkerGraph vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison PostgreSQL vs. Stardog vs. TigerGraph vs. TinkerGraph vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NamePostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 APICloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.05
Rank#129  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score1.83
Rank#141  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Score0.12
Rank#344  Overall
#34  Graph DBMS
Score11.40
Rank#43  Overall
#27  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.postgresql.orgwww.stardog.comwww.tigergraph.comtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlinwww.vertica.com
Technical documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.stardog.comdocs.tigergraph.comvertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerStardog-UnionOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2010201720092005
Current release16.2, February 20247.3.0, May 202012.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentscommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageCJavaC++JavaC++
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
LinuxLinux
Data schemeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyesschema-freeYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no infoImport/export of XML data possiblenonono
Secondary indexesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialnoNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard with numerous extensionsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL ServerSQL-like query language (GSQL)noFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
TinkerPop 3ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
Groovy
Java
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javayesnoyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersyesyes infovia event handlersnonoyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnonenonehorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication in HA-ClusternoneMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesnono infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusternoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes inforelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesnoyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesoptionalyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesRole-based access controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
PostgreSQLStardogTigerGraphTinkerGraphVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsDeploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
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Competitive advantagesFast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
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Typical application scenariosCommunication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
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Key customersAbiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
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Licensing and pricing modelsCost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
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Related products and services
3rd partiesRedgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
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pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
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CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
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We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
PostgreSQLStardogTigerGraphTinkerGraphVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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Conferences, events and webinars

Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor
Webinar, 10-11am CT / 4-5pm BST, 22 May 2024

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