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DBMS > PostgreSQL vs. RocksDB vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison PostgreSQL vs. RocksDB vs. Stardog

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NamePostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRocksDB  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLEmbeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Key-value storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score620.75
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score3.92
Rank#94  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
Score2.28
Rank#142  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitewww.postgresql.orgrocksdb.orgwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docsgithub.com/­facebook/­rocksdb/­wikidocs.stardog.com
DeveloperPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerFacebook, Inc.Stardog-Union
Initial release1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20132010
Current release16.0, September 20237.10.2, March 20237.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoBSDcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed and hosted PostgreSQL® with 70+ extensions and orchestration tooling included.
Implementation languageCC++Java
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
LinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesnoyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
C++ API
Java API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersyesyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
PostgreSQLRocksDBStardog
Specific characteristicsStardog is an Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform, uniquely combining graph storage...
» more
Competitive advantagesStardog provides a full featureset to aid in data integration for your complex data....
» more
Typical application scenariosStardog is frequently used for: Supply chain optimization Operational Risk Digital...
» more
Key customersBosch, NASA, Boehringer Ingelheim, Cisco, Schneider Electric, FINRA and more — https://www.stardog.com/customers/
» more
Market metricsStardog's technology is based on ground-breaking research by our founders cited 10,000+...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsYou can start for free! It’s easy to get started using Stardog’s leading Enterprise...
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services
3rd partiesNavicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
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Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
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pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
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Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres: An Enterprise Grade PostgreSQL with the flexibility of a hybrid cloud solution combined with industry leading security, availability and performance.
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Instaclustr: Fully Hosted & Managed PostgreSQL
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Datasentinel: Platform for Monitoring and Analyzing the performance problems of your PostgreSQL Clusters
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Redgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
» more

Timescale: Calling all PostgreSQL users – the 2023 State of PostgreSQL survey is now open! Share your favorite extensions, preferred frameworks, community experiences, and more. Take the survey today!
» more

Aiven for PostgreSQL: The familiar open source PostgreSQL® that you know and love, with no proprietary features or add-ons that will lock you in.
» more
Speedb: A high performance RocksDB-compliant key-value store optimized for write-intensive workloads.
» more

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
PostgreSQLRocksDBStardog
DB-Engines blog posts

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year
3 January 2023, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021
3 January 2022, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

Driving the Future of PostgreSQL Adoption
15 November 2021,  Umair Shahid, Percona (sponsor) 

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Conferences and events

PostgreSQL 101: An introduction to Multi-Version Concurrency Control and Vacuum
Webinar with Q&A, 11am CT / 5pm BST, 24 October 2023

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