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DBMS > PostgreSQL vs. RavenDB vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison PostgreSQL vs. RavenDB vs. SurrealDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NamePostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score659.62
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.53
Rank#100  Overall
#17  Document stores
Score0.95
Rank#188  Overall
#31  Document stores
#17  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.postgresql.orgravendb.netsurrealdb.com
Technical documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docsravendb.net/­docssurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerHibernating RhinosSurrealDB Ltd
Initial release1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20102022
Current release16.4, August 20245.4, July 2022v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availableOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageCC#Rust
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language (RQL)SQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes
Triggersyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAuthorization levels configured per client per databaseyes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources
PostgreSQLRavenDBSurrealDB
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Recent citations in the news

Microsoft builds open source document database on PostgreSQL, suggests FerretDB as front end
27 January 2025, The Register

Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL Limitless Database is now generally available
31 October 2024, AWS Blog

YugabyteDB Levels Up its PostgreSQL Compatibility with PG15 Features and Seamless Upgrades
30 January 2025, Business Wire

Seattle Postgres: Managing Transaction Metadata in PostgreSQL
27 January 2025, GeekWire

Microsoft’s new DocumentDB rethinks NoSQL on PostgreSQL
30 January 2025, InfoWorld

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Install the NoSQL RavenDB Data System
14 May 2021, The New Stack

NoSQL for .NET: RavenDB 3.0 Takes Flight
2 December 2014, Visual Studio Magazine

Get To Know: Oren Eini, CEO, RavenDB
22 October 2019, Intelligent CIO

Fig. 5. Storage size of MySQL and Elasticsearch DB comparison.
25 August 2018, ResearchGate

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SurrealDB Launches Surreal Cloud, a Fully Managed Database Service That Tackles the Complexity Issues Faced by Developer Teams
7 December 2024, insideainews.com

SurrealDB Delivers Future-Ready Database Technology for Developers and Enterprises with Release of SurrealDB 2.0
17 September 2024, Business Wire

SurrealDB's Surreal Cloud debuts on AWS S3 for scalable multimodel database as a service
4 December 2024, SiliconANGLE News

SurrealDB is helping developers consolidate their databases
18 June 2024, TechCrunch

London-based SurrealDB secures over €18.6 million aiming to disrupt database technology
18 June 2024, EU-Startups

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