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DBMS > PostgreSQL vs. RDF4J vs. TimesTen vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison PostgreSQL vs. RDF4J vs. TimesTen vs. Weaviate

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NamePostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.In-Memory RDBMS compatible to OracleAn AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.RDF storeRelational DBMSVector DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score634.91
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.72
Rank#234  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score1.59
Rank#157  Overall
#72  Relational DBMS
Score2.00
Rank#138  Overall
#4  Vector DBMS
Websitewww.postgresql.orgrdf4j.orgwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.htmlgithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentationdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1weaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
DeveloperPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005Weaviate B.V.
Initial release1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL200419982019
Current release16.2, February 202411 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)1.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.commercialOpen Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageCJavaGo
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesyes infoRDF Schemasyesyes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoyesGraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
PHP
Python
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesPL/SQLno
Triggersyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpointsyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAPI Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
PostgreSQLRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameTimesTenWeaviate
Specific characteristicsWeaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
» more
Competitive advantagesFlexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
» more
Typical application scenariosAs a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
» more
Key customersAll companies that have data. ​
» more
Market metricsAs of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsWeaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
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More resources
PostgreSQLRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameTimesTenWeaviate
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