DBMS > Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Spark SQL vs. SQLite vs. TimesTen vs. Transbase

System Properties Comparison Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Spark SQL vs. SQLite vs. TimesTen vs. Transbase

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Widely used in-process key-value store

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

A resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS

Primary database model

Key-value store

supports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS

in the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.52
Rank	#114	Overall
	#20	Key-value stores
	#3	Native XML DBMS

Score	19.15
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Score	116.01
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Score	1.35
Rank	#165	Overall
	#75	Relational DBMS

Score	0.15
Rank	#337	Overall
	#147	Relational DBMS

Website

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/berkeleydb.html

spark.apache.org/sql

www.sqlite.org

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

www.transaction.de/en/products/transbase.html

Technical documentation

docs.oracle.com/cd/E17076_05/html/index.html

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

www.transaction.de/en/products/transbase/features.html

Developer

Oracle

originally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle

Apache Software Foundation

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Transaction Software GmbH

Initial release

1994

2014

2000

1998

1987

Current release

18.1.40, May 2020

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

3.45.2 (12 March 2024), March 2024

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

Transbase 8.3, 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

commercial license available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Public Domain

commercial

free development license

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)

Scala

C and C++

Server operating systems

AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

dynamic column types

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

only with the Berkeley DB XML edition

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL interfaced based on SQLite is available

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Supported programming languages

.Net

Figaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others

Third-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl

Java
Python
R
Scala

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

PL/SQL

yes

Triggers

yes

only for the SQL API

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes, utilizing Spark Core

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.