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DBMS > Neo4j vs. Solr vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison Neo4j vs. Solr vs. Weaviate

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsA widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache LuceneAn AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelGraph DBMSSearch engineVector DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score44.47
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score44.28
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Score1.89
Rank#138  Overall
#4  Vector DBMS
Websiteneo4j.comsolr.apache.orggithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationneo4j.com/­docssolr.apache.org/­resources.htmlweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
DeveloperNeo4j, Inc.Apache Software FoundationWeaviate B.V.
Initial release200720062019
Current release5.19, April 20249.5.0, February 20241.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJava, ScalaJavaGo
Server operating systemsLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)
Data schemeschema-free and schema-optionalyes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fieldsyes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typingyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno
Secondary indexesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSolr Parallel SQL InterfaceGraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methodsBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoUser defined Procedures and FunctionsJava pluginsno
Triggersyes infovia event handleryes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes using Neo4j FabricShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyyesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnospark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduceno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDoptimistic lockingno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)yesAPI Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
Neo4jSolrWeaviate
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
All companies that have data. ​
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
» more
News

This Week in Neo4j: Google Cloud, Analysis, Knowledge Graph, Relationships and more
20 April 2024

Announcing NODES 2024: Submit Your Talk
17 April 2024

ISO GQL: A Defining Moment in the History of Database Innovation
17 April 2024

This Week in Neo4j: Podcast, RAG, Neo4j Guide, ERP and more
13 April 2024

Neo4j Brings GraphRAG Capabilities for GenAI to Google Cloud
9 April 2024

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
Neo4jSolrWeaviate
DB-Engines blog posts

Applying Graph Analytics to Game of Thrones
12 June 2019, Amy Hodler & Mark Needham, Neo4j (guest author)

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

The openCypher Project: Help Shape the SQL for Graphs
22 December 2015, Emil Eifrem (guest author)

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Elasticsearch replaced Solr as the most popular search engine
12 January 2016, Paul Andlinger

Enterprise Search Engines almost double their popularity in the last 12 months
2 July 2014, Paul Andlinger

The DB-Engines ranking includes now search engines
4 February 2013, Paul Andlinger

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Weaviate, an ANN Database with CRUD support
2 February 2021,  Etienne Dilocker, SeMI Technologies (sponsor) 

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