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DBMS > Neo4j vs. Oracle vs. SQLite vs. Stardog vs. TDengine

System Properties Comparison Neo4j vs. Oracle vs. SQLite vs. Stardog vs. TDengine

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTDengine  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsWidely used RDBMSWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMSEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationTime Series DBMS and big data platform
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score44.47
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score1234.27
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score116.01
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Score2.05
Rank#129  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score2.68
Rank#109  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
Websiteneo4j.comwww.oracle.com/­databasewww.sqlite.orgwww.stardog.comgithub.com/­taosdata/­TDengine
tdengine.com
Technical documentationneo4j.com/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasewww.sqlite.org/­docs.htmldocs.stardog.comdocs.tdengine.com
DeveloperNeo4j, Inc.OracleDwayne Richard HippStardog-UnionTDEngine, previously Taos Data
Initial release20071980200020102019
Current release5.19, April 202423c, September 20233.45.3  (15 April 2024), April 20247.3.0, May 20203.0, August 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoPublic Domaincommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoGPL V3, also commercial editions available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJava, ScalaC and C++CJavaC
Server operating systemsLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
server-lessLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeschema-free and schema-optionalyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyes infodynamic column typesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.yesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supportedYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL ServerStandard SQL with extensions for time-series applications
APIs and other access methodsBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoUser defined Procedures and FunctionsPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possiblenouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javano
Triggersyes infovia event handleryesyesyes infovia event handlersyes, via alarm monitoring
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes using Neo4j FabricSharding, horizontal partitioningnonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneMulti-source replication in HA-Clusteryes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono infocan be realized in PL/SQLnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyesyes inforelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infovia file-system locksyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights for users and rolesyes
More information provided by the system vendor
Neo4jOracleSQLiteStardogTDengine
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
TDengine™ is a next generation data historian purpose-built for Industry 4.0 and...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
High Performance at any Scale: TDengine is purpose-built for handling massive industrial...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
TDengine is designed for Industrial IoT scenarios, including: Manufacturing Connected...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
TDengine has garnered over 22,500 stars on GitHub and is used in over 50 countries...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
TDengine OSS is an open source, cloud native time series database. It includes built-in...
» more
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We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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