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DBMS > NebulaGraph vs. Neo4j vs. OpenSearch

System Properties Comparison NebulaGraph vs. Neo4j vs. OpenSearch

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonOpenSearch  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsA distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache Lucene
Primary database modelGraph DBMSGraph DBMSSearch engine
Vector DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.75
Rank#128  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
Score47.91
Rank#20  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score17.38
Rank#32  Overall
#4  Search engines
#2  Vector DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
neo4j.comgithub.com/­opensearch-project
opensearch.org
Technical documentationdocs.nebula-graph.ioneo4j.com/­docsopensearch.org/­docs/­latest
DeveloperVesoft Inc.Neo4j, Inc.The OpenSearch Software Foundation
Initial release201920072021
Current release5.23, August 20242.19, February 2025
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
STACKIT OpenSearch offers OpenSearch in a managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant, for a wide range of applications like analytics, website search, offering scalability and fast data access.
Implementation languageC++Java, ScalaJava
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Data schemeStrong typed schemaschema-free and schema-optionalschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no
Secondary indexesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsBrowser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby infoElasticsearch client
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsyes
Triggersyes infovia event handleryes infoby using the 'percolation' feature
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyes using Neo4j FabricSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesCausal Clustering using Raft protocolCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Eventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing RocksDByesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
NebulaGraphNeo4jOpenSearch
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More resources
NebulaGraphNeo4jOpenSearch
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