DBMS > NebulaGraph vs. PouchDB vs. SingleStore vs. SQLite vs. Tarantool

System Properties Comparison NebulaGraph vs. PouchDB vs. SingleStore vs. SQLite vs. Tarantool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

JavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB

MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

In-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Document store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

Spatial DBMS

with Tarantool/GIS extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.12
Rank	#125	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	2.35
Rank	#116	Overall
	#22	Document stores

Score	5.91
Rank	#61	Overall
	#34	Relational DBMS

Score	116.01
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Score	1.67
Rank	#150	Overall
	#25	Document stores
	#25	Key-value stores
	#69	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

Technical documentation

docs.nebula-graph.io

pouchdb.com/guides

docs.singlestore.com

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

www.tarantool.io/en/doc

Developer

Vesoft Inc.

Apache Software Foundation

SingleStore Inc.

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

2019

2012

2013

2000

2008

Current release

7.1.1, June 2019

8.5, January 2024

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

2.10.0, May 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

commercial

free developer edition available

Open Source

Public Domain

Open Source

BSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities

Implementation language

C++

JavaScript

C++, Go

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux

64 bit version required

server-less

BSD
Linux
macOS

Data scheme

Strong typed schema

schema-free

yes

dynamic column types

Flexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

string, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

but no triggers and foreign keys

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

Full-featured ANSI SQL support

APIs and other access methods

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

HTTP REST

only for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API

Cluster Management API

as HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Open binary protocol

Supported programming languages

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

JavaScript

Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

View functions in JavaScript

yes

Lua, C and SQL stored procedures

Triggers

yes

yes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

with a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge

Sharding

hash partitioning

none

Sharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

Multi-source replication

also with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication

also with CouchDB databases

Source-replica replication

stores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes

none

Asynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

can define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Casual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition

when using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition

when using Raft

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

via file-system locks

yes, cooperative multitasking

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

by using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend

yes

All updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.

yes

yes, write ahead logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

yes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

Fine grained access control via users, groups and roles

Access Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
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SingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
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Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more

SingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
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Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
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Driving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
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Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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IEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
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Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
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Customers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.