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DBMS > NebulaGraph vs. Neo4j vs. Snowflake vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison NebulaGraph vs. Neo4j vs. Snowflake vs. Stardog

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsCloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured dataEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelGraph DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.12
Rank#125  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score44.47
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score123.20
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Score2.05
Rank#129  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitegithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
neo4j.comwww.snowflake.comwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationdocs.nebula-graph.ioneo4j.com/­docsdocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.htmldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperVesoft Inc.Neo4j, Inc.Snowflake Computing Inc.Stardog-Union
Initial release2019200720142010
Current release5.18.1, March 20247.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageC++Java, ScalaJava
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeStrong typed schemaschema-free and schema-optionalyes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsBrowser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsuser defined functionsuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersyes infovia event handlerno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resourcesyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyes using Neo4j Fabricyesnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesCausal Clustering using Raft protocolCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyyesMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing RocksDByesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
NebulaGraphNeo4jSnowflakeStardog
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
News

This Week in Neo4j: Podcast, RAG, Neo4j Guide, ERP and more
13 April 2024

Neo4j Brings GraphRAG Capabilities for GenAI to Google Cloud
9 April 2024

Neo4j Is Now SOC2 Type 2 Compliant
8 April 2024

This Week in Neo4j: GenAI, Workshop Recordings, Graph Data Science Book and more
6 April 2024

This Week in Neo4j: Vectors, Knowledge Graphs, Clustering, Social Networks and more
30 March 2024

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
NebulaGraphNeo4jSnowflakeStardog
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