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DBMS > MonetDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA vs. Stardog vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison MonetDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA vs. Stardog vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMonetDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA relational database management system that stores data in columnsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud serviceEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.72
Rank#148  Overall
#68  Relational DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score45.84
Rank#22  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Score2.05
Rank#129  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.12
Rank#344  Overall
#34  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.monetdb.orgwww.postgresql.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­hana.htmlwww.stardog.comtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlin
Technical documentationwww.monetdb.org/­Documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docshelp.sap.com/­hanadocs.stardog.com
DeveloperMonetDB BVPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSAPStardog-Union
Initial release20041989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL201020102009
Current releaseDec2023 (11.49), December 202316.2, February 20242.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 20237.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMozilla Public License 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono infoalso available as a cloud based servicenono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCCJavaJava
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Appliance or cloud-serviceLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoSQL 2003 with some extensionsyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serverno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
native C library infoMAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes, in SQL, C, Ruser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.SQLScript, Ruser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javano
Triggersyesyesyesyes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding via remote tablespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyesnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoSource-replica replication available in experimental statusSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesMulti-source replication in HA-Clusternone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Clusternone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyes inforelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesoptional
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesAccess rights for users and rolesno

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More resources
MonetDBPostgreSQLSAP HANAStardogTinkerGraph
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