DBMS > Milvus vs. OpenQM vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Milvus vs. OpenQM vs. TiDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searches

QpenQM is a high-performance, self-tuning, multi-value DBMS

TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.

Primary database model

Vector DBMS

Multivalue DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.90
Rank	#87	Overall
	#7	Vector DBMS

Score	0.25
Rank	#293	Overall
	#10	Multivalue DBMS

Score	3.50
Rank	#73	Overall
	#38	Relational DBMS

Website

milvus.io

www.rocketsoftware.com/products/rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/rocket-open-qm

pingcap.com

Technical documentation

milvus.io/docs/overview.md

docs.pingcap.com/tidb/stable

Developer

Rocket Software, originally Martin Phillips

PingCAP, Inc.

Initial release

2019

1993

2016

Current release

2.4.4, May 2024

3.4-12

8.2.0, July 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

GPLv2, extended commercial license available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++, Go

Go, Rust

Server operating systems

Linux
macOS

10.14 or later
Windows

with WSL 2 enabled

AIX
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Solaris
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

with some exceptions

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

Vector, Numeric and String

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy

Supported programming languages

C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
Basic
C
Java
Objective C
PHP
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

yes

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with TiSpark Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

full support since version 6.6

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Role based access control and fine grained access rights

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

Vector databases
2 June 2023, Matthias Gelbmann

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Recent citations in the news

What Is Milvus? A Distributed Vector Database
3 March 2025, Oracle

Milvus 2.5 Creates the Best of Both Worlds With Hybrid Vector-Keyword Search
17 December 2024, GlobeNewswire

AI-Powered Search Engine With Milvus Vector Database on Vultr
7 November 2024, SitePoint

Hands-On Vector Similarity Search with Milvus
20 October 2024, Packt

Dance between dense and sparse embeddings: Enabling Hybrid Search in LangChain-Milvus
19 November 2024, Towards Data Science

provided by Google News

PingCAP Unveils Major TiDB Enhancements to Power Global Scale and AI-Driven Applications
22 April 2025, GlobeNewswire

PingCAP Unveils Major TiDB Enhancements to Power Global Scale and AI-Driven Applications
22 April 2025, Yahoo Finance

Build a data lakehouse in a hybrid Environment using Amazon EMR Serverless, Apache DolphinScheduler, and TiDB
20 March 2025, Amazon Web Services (AWS)

How TiDB is solving enterprise data challenges with scalability and speed
21 March 2025, YourStory.com

The future of databases in India: TiDB’s answer to modern data challenges
21 March 2025, ET CIO

provided by Google News

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