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DBMS > Microsoft SQL Server vs. SAP HANA vs. TiDB vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft SQL Server vs. SAP HANA vs. TiDB vs. TypeDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud serviceTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.TypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score845.81
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score45.49
Rank#22  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Score5.14
Rank#75  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score1.01
Rank#202  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#92  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.sap.com/­products/­hana.htmlpingcap.comtypedb.com
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverhelp.sap.com/­hanadocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stabletypedb.com/­docs
DeveloperMicrosoftSAPPingCAP, Inc.Vaticle
Initial release1989201020162016
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 20222.0 SPS07 (AprilĀ 4, 2023), April 20237.6.0, January 20242.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenono infoalso available as a cloud based servicenono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageC++Go, RustJava
Server operating systemsLinux
Windows
Appliance or cloud-serviceLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyesno
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
ODBC
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaSQLScript, Rnono
Triggersyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodestables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationyeshorizontal partitioning (by key range)Sharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionyesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.Multi-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infowith TiSpark Connectoryes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes infofull support since version 6.6no infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesFine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
Microsoft SQL ServerSAP HANATiDBTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsTiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantages- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosTiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Key customersBlock, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metrics34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more
Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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Related products and services
3rd partiesNavicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for SQL Server and many other database management systems.
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Navicat for SQL Server gives you a fully graphical approach to database management and development.
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CData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers.
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More resources
Microsoft SQL ServerSAP HANATiDBTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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