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DBMS > Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA vs. Splice Machine vs. Warp 10

System Properties Comparison Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA vs. Splice Machine vs. Warp 10

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparisonSplice Machine  Xexclude from comparisonWarp 10  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud serviceOpen-Source SQL RDBMS for Operational and Analytical use cases with native Machine Learning, powered by Hadoop and SparkTimeSeries DBMS specialized on timestamped geo data based on LevelDB or HBase
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score845.81
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score634.91
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score45.49
Rank#22  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Score0.54
Rank#257  Overall
#118  Relational DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#342  Overall
#32  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.postgresql.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­hana.htmlsplicemachine.comwww.warp10.io
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverwww.postgresql.org/­docshelp.sap.com/­hanasplicemachine.com/­how-it-workswww.warp10.io/­content/­02_Getting_started
DeveloperMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSAPSplice MachineSenX
Initial release19891989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL201020142015
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 202216.2, February 20242.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 20233.1, March 2021
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL 3.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache License 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono infoalso available as a cloud based servicenono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageC++CJavaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Appliance or cloud-serviceLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesyesno
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
Native Spark Datasource
ODBC
HTTP API
Jupyter
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.SQLScript, Ryes infoJavayes infoWarpScript
Triggersyesyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodestables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyesShared Nothhing Auto-Sharding, Columnar PartitioningSharding infobased on HBase
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
selectable replication factor infobased on HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoYes, via Full Spark Integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infobased on HBase
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardMandatory use of cryptographic tokens, containing fine-grained authorizations

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Microsoft SQL ServerPostgreSQLSAP HANASplice MachineWarp 10
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