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DBMS > Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle Rdb vs. ToroDB vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle Rdb vs. ToroDB vs. TypeDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQLTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score845.81
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1.23
Rank#180  Overall
#82  Relational DBMS
Score1.01
Rank#202  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#92  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.htmlgithub.com/­torodb/­servertypedb.com
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.htmltypedb.com/­docs
DeveloperMicrosoftOracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)8KdataVaticle
Initial release1989198420162016
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 20227.4.1.1, 20212.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3Open Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
Windows
HP Open VMSAll OS with a Java 7 VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)schema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_idyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesno
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javano
Triggersyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodestables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationShardingSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnono infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyes, on a single nodenoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
Microsoft SQL ServerOracle RdbToroDBTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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Related products and services
3rd partiesNavicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for SQL Server and many other database management systems.
» more

Navicat for SQL Server gives you a fully graphical approach to database management and development.
» more

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More resources
Microsoft SQL ServerOracle RdbToroDBTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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