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DBMS > Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle vs. Postgres-XL vs. SAP HANA vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle vs. Postgres-XL vs. SAP HANA vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used RDBMSBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud serviceTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score845.81
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1221.06
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score0.56
Rank#253  Overall
#115  Relational DBMS
Score45.49
Rank#22  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Score1.01
Rank#202  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#92  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.oracle.com/­databasewww.postgres-xl.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­hana.htmltypedb.com
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasewww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationhelp.sap.com/­hanatypedb.com/­docs
DeveloperMicrosoftOracleSAPVaticle
Initial release198919802014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB20102016
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 202223c, September 202310 R1, October 20182.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 20232.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoMozilla public licensecommercialOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono infoalso available as a cloud based serviceno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C and C++CJava
Server operating systemsLinux
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
macOS
Appliance or cloud-serviceLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalitynono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes infodistributed, parallel query executionyesno
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleuser defined functionsSQLScript, Rno
Triggersyesyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodestables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding, horizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioningyesSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yesMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono infocan be realized in PL/SQLnonoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyesno infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACID infoMVCCACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
Microsoft SQL ServerOraclePostgres-XLSAP HANATypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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More resources
Microsoft SQL ServerOraclePostgres-XLSAP HANATypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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