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DBMS > Microsoft SQL Server vs. Netezza vs. NuoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft SQL Server vs. Netezza vs. NuoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonNetezza infoAlso called PureData System for Analytics by IBM  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSData warehouse and analytics appliance part of IBM PureSystemsNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score845.81
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score11.20
Rank#46  Overall
#29  Relational DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#207  Overall
#96  Relational DBMS
Score634.91
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.16
Rank#336  Overall
#48  Document stores
Websitewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.ibm.com/­products/­netezzawww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasewww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdoc.nuodb.comwww.postgresql.org/­docswww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperMicrosoftIBMDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerJuxt Ltd.
Initial release1989200020131989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2019
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 202216.2, February 20241.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialcommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++CClojure
Server operating systemsLinux
Windows
Linux infoincluded in appliancehosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C++
Fortran
Java
Lua
Perl
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavayesJava, SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyesnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodestables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationShardingdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replicationyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infotunable commit protocolACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infoTemporary tableno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Usersfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Microsoft SQL ServerNetezza infoAlso called PureData System for Analytics by IBMNuoDBPostgreSQLXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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