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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostgreSQL vs. Tarantool vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostgreSQL vs. Tarantool vs. TimesTen

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTarantool  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLIn-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applicationsIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS infowith Tarantool/GIS extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score22.71
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.67
Rank#150  Overall
#25  Document stores
#25  Key-value stores
#69  Relational DBMS
Score1.35
Rank#165  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.orgwww.tarantool.iowww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.org/­docswww.tarantool.io/­en/­docdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerVKOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release20161989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20081998
Current release16.2, February 20242.10.0, May 202211 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoBSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprisecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageC++CC and C++
Server operating systemshostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
BSD
Linux
macOS
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesyesFlexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columnsyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesstring, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetimeyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsFull-featured ANSI SQL supportyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Open binary protocolJDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesC#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Lua, C and SQL stored proceduresPL/SQL
Triggersnoyesyes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session eventsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding, horizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsAsynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCasual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition infowhen using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition infowhen using Raft
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactionsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, cooperative multitaskingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, write ahead loggingyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistenceyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles
fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehousePostgreSQLTarantoolTimesTen
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