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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. OrientDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. TimesTen vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. OrientDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. TimesTen vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparisonVoltDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to OracleDistributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS infoUsed for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score22.71
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score3.27
Rank#97  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#15  Key-value stores
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.35
Rank#165  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Score1.46
Rank#159  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsorientdb.orgwww.postgresql.orgwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.htmlwww.voltdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1docs.voltdb.com
DeveloperMicrosoftOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005VoltDB Inc.
Initial release201620101989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL19982010
Current release3.2.29, March 202416.2, February 202411 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)11.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaCJava, C++
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Linux
OS X infofor development
Data schemeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query language, no joinsyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesyes infoonly a subset of SQL 99
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
C#
C++
Erlang infonot officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQLJava, Javascriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.PL/SQLJava
TriggersnoHooksyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding, horizontal partitioningShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono infocould be achieved with distributed queriesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes inforelationship in graphsyesyesno infoFOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID infoTransactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoData access is serialized by the server
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpointsyes infoSnapshots and command logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyesAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurablefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers and roles with access to stored procedures

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseOrientDBPostgreSQLTimesTenVoltDB
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