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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Spark SQL vs. TerarkDB vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Spark SQL vs. TerarkDB vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTerarkDB  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerWidely used in-process key-value storeSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingA key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDBA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Relational DBMSKey-value storeGraph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score22.71
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#114  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score19.15
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score0.04
Rank#377  Overall
#58  Key-value stores
Score1.83
Rank#141  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlspark.apache.org/­sqlgithub.com/­bytedance/­terarkdbwww.tigergraph.com
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmlbytedance.larkoffice.com/­docs/­doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKcdocs.tigergraph.com
DeveloperMicrosoftOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleApache Software FoundationByteDance, originally Terark
Initial release20161994201420162017
Current release18.1.40, May 20203.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted open source version availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)ScalaC++C++
Server operating systemshostedAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesnono
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
C++ API
Java API
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
Java
PHP
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Java
Python
R
Scala
C++
Java
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQLnononoyes
Triggersnoyes infoonly for the SQL APInonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding, horizontal partitioningnoneyes, utilizing Spark Corenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesSource-replica replicationnonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnononoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlyesnononoRole-based access control

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseOracle Berkeley DBSpark SQLTerarkDBTigerGraph
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