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DBMS > Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog vs. TiDB vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog vs. TiDB vs. Titan

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.Titan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score78.40
Rank#15  Overall
#10  Relational DBMS
Score2.05
Rank#129  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score4.94
Rank#72  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.stardog.compingcap.comgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.stardog.comdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stablegithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperMicrosoftStardog-UnionPingCAP, Inc.Aurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release2010201020162012
Current releaseV127.3.0, May 20207.6.0, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageC++JavaGo, RustJava
Server operating systemshostedLinux
macOS
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryesno
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQLuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javanoyes
Triggersyesyes infovia event handlersnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range)yes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infowith TiSpark Connectoryes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes inforelationships in graphsyes infofull support since version 6.6yes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesFine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server
More information provided by the system vendor
Microsoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureStardogTiDBTitan
Specific characteristicsTiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantages- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosTiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Key customersBlock, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metrics34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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More resources
Microsoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureStardogTiDBTitan
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