DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SQL.JS vs. SQLite vs. Stardog vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SQL.JS vs. SQLite vs. Stardog vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.

Description

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

Port of SQLite to JavaScript

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Titan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.

Primary database model

column oriented

Secondary database models

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	7.30
Rank	#60	Overall
	#34	Relational DBMS

Score	0.96
Rank	#177	Overall
	#85	Relational DBMS

Score	138.87
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Score	1.66
Rank	#138	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Website

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

sql.js.org

www.sqlite.org

www.stardog.com

titan.thinkaurelius.com

Technical documentation

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

sql.js.org/documentation/index.html

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

docs.stardog.com

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan/wiki

Developer

Microsoft

Alon Zakai

enhancements implemented by others

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Stardog-Union

Aurelius, owned by DataStax

Initial release

2019

2012

2000

2010

2012

Current release

cloud service with continuous releases

3.39.1 (13 July 2022), July 2022

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Public Domain

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Open Source

Apache license, version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

JavaScript

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

server-less

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

yes

dynamic column types

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

JavaScript API

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

JavaScript

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Clojure
Java
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

yes

Triggers

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

yes

via event handlers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

yes

via pluggable storage backends

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

none

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Faunus, a graph analytics engine

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

Relationships in graph

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

except by serializing a db to a file

yes

Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Azure Active Directory Authentication

Access rights for users and roles

User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Azure Data Explorer is a fast and highly scalable data exploration service for log...
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Stardog is an Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform, uniquely combining graph storage...
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Competitive advantages

Kusto Query Language (innovative query language, optimized for high performance data...
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Stardog provides a full featureset to aid in data integration for your complex data....
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Typical application scenarios

IoT applications IoT devices generate billions of sensor readings. Normalizing and...
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Stardog is frequently used for: Supply chain optimization Operational Risk Digital...
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Key customers

Microsoft, DocuSign, Taboola, Bosch, Siemens Healthineers, Bühler, Ecolab, Zoomd
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Bosch, NASA, Boehringer Ingelheim, Morgan Stanley, Schneider Electric, FINRA and...
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Market metrics

Azure Data Explorer is the data service for Azure Monitor, Azure Time Series Insights,...
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Stardog's technology is based on ground-breaking research by our founders cited 10,000+...
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Licensing and pricing models

An Azure Data Explorer cluster is a pair of engine and data management clusters which...
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You can start for free! A fully-featured license is available for those testing Stardog:...
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