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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RethinkDB vs. TimescaleDB vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RethinkDB vs. TimescaleDB vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.A time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQLA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument storeTime Series DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Spatial DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score2.58
Rank#105  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score4.06
Rank#73  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#330  Overall
#45  Document stores
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerrethinkdb.comwww.timescale.comgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerrethinkdb.com/­docsdocs.timescale.comwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperMicrosoftThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017TimescaleJuxt Ltd.
Initial release2019200920172019
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases2.4.1, August 20202.15.0, May 20241.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CClojure
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometrynumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data typesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesno
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntaxlimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shellno
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyClient-side triggers through changefeedsyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding inforange basedyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributesnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replicationSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas infoyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoAtomic single-document operationsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCC basedyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes infousers and table-level permissionsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerRethinkDBTimescaleDBXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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