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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. QuestDB vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. QuestDB vs. TimescaleDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.02
Rank#83  Overall
#46  Relational DBMS
Score3.00
Rank#84  Overall
#6  Time Series DBMS
Score3.56
Rank#75  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerquestdb.iowww.timescale.com
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerquestdb.io/­docsdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperMicrosoftQuestDB Technology IncTimescale
Initial release201920142017
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases2.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava (Zero-GC), C++, RustC
Server operating systemshostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexednoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL with time-series extensionsyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnouser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)yes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication with eventual consistencySource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID for single-table writesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infothrough memory mapped filesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerQuestDBTimescaleDB
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