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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrientDB vs. Stardog vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrientDB vs. Stardog vs. TypeDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.16
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score3.27
Rank#97  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#15  Key-value stores
Score2.05
Rank#129  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.81
Rank#217  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#99  Relational DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerorientdb.orgwww.stardog.comtypedb.com
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmldocs.stardog.comtypedb.com/­docs
DeveloperMicrosoftOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPStardog-UnionVaticle
Initial release2019201020102016
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases3.2.29, March 20247.3.0, May 20202.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaJava
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language, no joinsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serverno
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJava, Javascriptuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javano
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyHooksyes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingnoneSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replicationMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno infocould be achieved with distributed queriesnoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes inforelationship in graphsyes inforelationships in graphsno infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurableAccess rights for users and rolesyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerOrientDBStardogTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerOrientDBStardogTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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