DBMS > atoti vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrientDB vs. SQLite vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison atoti vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrientDB vs. SQLite vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

An in-memory DBMS combining transactional and analytical processing to handle the aggregation of ever-changing data.

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS

Primary database model

Object oriented DBMS

Relational DBMS

column oriented

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.59
Rank	#242	Overall
	#10	Object oriented DBMS

Score	5.16
Rank	#69	Overall
	#37	Relational DBMS

Score	3.27
Rank	#97	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#6	Graph DBMS
	#15	Key-value stores

Score	116.01
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

atoti.io

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

orientdb.org

www.sqlite.org

trafodion.apache.org

Technical documentation

docs.atoti.io

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

trafodion.apache.org/documentation.html

Developer

ActiveViam

Microsoft

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP

Initial release

2019

2010

2000

2014

Current release

cloud service with continuous releases

3.2.29, March 2024

3.45.2 (12 March 2024), March 2024

2.3.0, February 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free versions available

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Public Domain

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++, Java

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

server-less

Linux

Data scheme

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

yes

dynamic column types

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

Multidimensional Expressions (MDX)

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

SQL-like query language, no joins

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

yes

APIs and other access methods

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Python

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

Java, Javascript

Java Stored Procedures

Triggers

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

Hooks

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

Multi-source replication

none

yes, via HBase

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

could be achieved with distributed queries

yes

via user defined functions and HBase

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationship in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

via file-system locks

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Azure Active Directory Authentication

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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