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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrientDB vs. RavenDB vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrientDB vs. RavenDB vs. Stardog

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Open Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Document storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.82
Rank#65  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score3.38
Rank#96  Overall
#17  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#15  Key-value stores
Score3.47
Rank#95  Overall
#16  Document stores
Score2.03
Rank#136  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerorientdb.orgravendb.netwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmlravendb.net/­docsdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperMicrosoftOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPHibernating RhinosStardog-Union
Initial release2019201020102010
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases3.2.29, March 20245.4, July 20227.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC#Java
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")schema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language, no joinsSQL-like query language (RQL)Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJava, Javascriptyesuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyHooksyesyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replicationMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno infocould be achieved with distributed queriesyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes inforelationship in graphsnoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurableAuthorization levels configured per client per databaseAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerOrientDBRavenDBStardog
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