DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenSearch vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenSearch vs. Realm

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

A distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache Lucene

A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

column oriented

Search engine

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	6.50
Rank	#68	Overall
	#37	Relational DBMS

Score	12.17
Rank	#46	Overall
	#4	Search engines

Score	8.33
Rank	#54	Overall
	#10	Document stores

Website

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

github.com/opensearch-project
opensearch.org

realm.io

Technical documentation

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

opensearch.org/docs/latest

realm.io/docs

Developer

Microsoft

Amazon Web Services

Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019

Initial release

2019

2021

2014

Current release

cloud service with continuous releases

2.5.0, January 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Aiven for OpenSearch: Fully managed open source search and analytics suite including search engine, NoSQL document database, and visualization interface.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows

Data scheme

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Elasticsearch client

.Net
Java

with Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

yes

runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary

Triggers

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

Change Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-Memory realm

User concepts

Access control

Azure Active Directory Authentication

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Azure Data Explorer is a fast and highly scalable data exploration service for log...
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OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
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Competitive advantages

Kusto Query Language (innovative query language, optimized for high performance data...
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Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
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Typical application scenarios

IoT applications IoT devices generate billions of sensor readings. Normalizing and...
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OpenSearch is used across a broad range of search, analytics, and observability applications....
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Key customers

Microsoft, DocuSign, Taboola, Bosch, Siemens Healthineers, Bühler, Ecolab, Zoomd
» more

Market metrics

Azure Data Explorer is the data service for Azure Monitor, Azure Time Series Insights,...
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Licensing and pricing models

An Azure Data Explorer cluster is a pair of engine and data management clusters which...
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The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
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