DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. MongoDB vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. MongoDB vs. OrientDB

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Name

Description

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

One of the most popular document stores available both as a fully managed cloud service and for deployment on self-managed infrastructure

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

column oriented

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

Spatial DBMS
Search engine

integrated Lucene index, currently in MongoDB Atlas only.
Time Series DBMS

Time Series Collections introduced in Release 5.0

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	6.54
Rank	#65	Overall
	#35	Relational DBMS

Score	455.18
Rank	#5	Overall
	#1	Document stores

Score	4.48
Rank	#89	Overall
	#15	Document stores
	#5	Graph DBMS
	#14	Key-value stores

Website

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

www.mongodb.com

orientdb.org

Technical documentation

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

docs.mongodb.com/manual

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

Developer

Microsoft

MongoDB, Inc

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

Initial release

2019

2009

2010

Current release

cloud service with continuous releases

6.0.1, August 2022

3.1.9, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

MongoDB Inc.'s Server Side Public License v1. Prior versions were published under GNU AGPL v3.0. Commercial licenses are also available.

Open Source

Apache version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

MongoDB available as DBaaS (MongoDB Atlas)

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

Data scheme

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

schema-free

Although schema-free, documents of the same collection often follow the same structure. Optionally impose all or part of a schema by defining a JSON schema.

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

yes

string, integer, double, decimal, boolean, date, object_id, geospatial

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

Read-only SQL queries via the MongoDB Connector for BI

SQL-like query language, no joins

APIs and other access methods

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

proprietary protocol using JSON

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

Actionscript

unofficial driver
C
C#
C++
Clojure

unofficial driver
ColdFusion

unofficial driver
D

unofficial driver
Dart

unofficial driver
Delphi

unofficial driver
Erlang
Go
Groovy

unofficial driver
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp

unofficial driver
Lua

unofficial driver
MatLab

unofficial driver
Perl
PHP
PowerShell

unofficial driver
Prolog

unofficial driver
Python
R

unofficial driver
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Smalltalk

unofficial driver
Swift

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

JavaScript

Java, Javascript

Triggers

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

yes

in MongoDB Atlas only

Hooks

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

Partitioned by hashed, ranged, or zoned sharding keys. Live resharding allows users to change their shard keys as an online operation with zero downtime.

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

Multi-Source deployments with MongoDB Atlas Global Clusters
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

yes

could be achieved with distributed queries

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

typically not used, however similar functionality with DBRef possible

yes

relationship in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Multi-document ACID Transactions with snapshot isolation

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional, enabled by default

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-memory storage engine introduced with MongoDB version 3.2

User concepts

Access control

Azure Active Directory Authentication

Access rights for users and roles

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Azure Data Explorer is a fast and highly scalable data exploration service for log...
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Competitive advantages

Kusto Query Language (innovative query language, optimized for high performance data...
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Typical application scenarios

IoT applications IoT devices generate billions of sensor readings. Normalizing and...
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Key customers

Microsoft, DocuSign, Taboola, Bosch, Siemens Healthineers, Bühler, Ecolab, Zoomd
» more

Market metrics

Azure Data Explorer is the data service for Azure Monitor, Azure Time Series Insights,...
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Licensing and pricing models

An Azure Data Explorer cluster is a pair of engine and data management clusters which...
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.