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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Snowflake vs. Sphinx

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Snowflake vs. Sphinx

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparisonSphinx  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSCloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured dataOpen source search engine for searching in data from different sources, e.g. relational databases
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSRelational DBMSSearch engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.82
Rank#65  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score845.81
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score125.38
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Score6.06
Rank#61  Overall
#6  Search engines
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.snowflake.comsphinxsearch.com
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.htmlsphinxsearch.com/­docs
DeveloperMicrosoftMicrosoftSnowflake Computing Inc.Sphinx Technologies Inc.
Initial release2019198920142001
Current releasecloud service with continuous releasesSQL Server 2022, November 20223.5.1, February 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoGPL version 2, commercial licence available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
Linux
NetBSD
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesyes
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes infofull-text index on all search fields
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesyesSQL-like query language (SphinxQL)
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++ infounofficial client library
Java
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby infounofficial client library
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functionsno
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resourcesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationyesSharding infoPartitioning is done manually, search queries against distributed index is supported
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoThe original contents of fields are not stored in the Sphinx index.
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationno

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft SQL ServerSnowflakeSphinx
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